:root {
    --brand-50: #E9EFE7;
    --brand-100: #C3D3BE;
    --brand-600: #2C5828;
    --brand-800: #1B3618;

    --accent-50: #FDF6E5;
    --accent-100: #F9E6B8;
    --accent-600: #E8A800;
    --accent-800: #8F6600;

    --white-50: #FDFCFA;
    --white-100: #F7F4EE;
    --white-600: #B5AE9C;
    --white-800: #6E6858;

    --black-50: #E9E9E8;
    --black-100: #C6C6C3;
    --black-600: #2A2A26;
    --black-800: #19190F;

    --bg-page: #ffffff;
    --bg-page-alt: var(--white-100);
    --bg-page-accent: var(--white-600);
    --bg-brand: var(--brand-800);

    --border-default: var(--black-600);
    --border-subtle: var(--white-600);
    --border-brand: var(--brand-800);
    --border-on-dark: var(--white-100);

    --text-primary: var(--black-800);
    --text-brand: var(--brand-600);
    --text-accent: var(--accent-600);
    --text-primary-on-dark: var(--white-100);
    --text-brand-on-dark: var(--brand-100);
    --text-accent-on-dark: var(--accent-100);

    --text-super: 78px;
    --text-h1: 48px;
    --text-h2: 44px;
    --text-h3: 39px;
    --text-h4: 34px;
    --text-h5: 29px;
    --text-h6: 24px;
    --text-body-lg: 20px;
    --text-body: 16px;
    --text-body-sm: 13px;
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

.casestudy {
    width: 100%; background: var(--bg-page-alt); display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; padding: 48px 24px; box-sizing: border-box;
}

.casestudy-grid {
    width: 100%; background: var(--bg-page-alt); display: grid; padding: 48px 24px; box-sizing: border-box;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; gap: 42px;
}


body {
  font-family: "League Spartan", sans-serif;
  background: var(--bg-page);
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
  margin: 4px 0;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

h1 {
  font-size: var(--text-h1);
}
h2 {
  font-size: var(--text-h2);
}
h3 {
  font-size: var(--text-h3);
}
h4 {
  font-size: var(--text-h4);
}
h5 {
  font-size: var(--text-h5);
}
h6 {
  font-size: var(--text-h6);
}

p {
  margin: 4px 0;
  line-height: 1.4;
  font-size: var(--text-body);
}

.p-lg {
  font-size: var(--text-body-lg);
}

.p-sm {
  font-size: var(--text-body-sm);
}

a {
  margin: 4px 0;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.hero-section {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    min-height: 100vh;
    padding: 0;
    background-image:
      repeating-linear-gradient(
        0deg,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.04) 0,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.04) 1px,
        transparent 1px,
        transparent 10px
      ),
      repeating-linear-gradient(
        90deg,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.04) 0,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.04) 1px,
        transparent 1px,
        transparent 10px
      );
      border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--border-subtle);
}

.body-section {
    width: 100%;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 40px 40px 64px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    background-color: var(--bg-page-alt);
}

.body-section > div {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}


.hero-main {
    flex: 1;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 40px 64px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-items: center;
}

.hero-main > * {
    max-width: 968px;
}

.hero-main-case {
    flex: 1;
    width: 100%;  
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 72px 40px 64px;
    display: flex;
    background-color: var(--bg-page-alt);
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-items: center;
}

.hero-main-case > * {
      max-width: 1200px;
      width: 100%;
}

.tags-grid {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 0;
  margin: auto auto 0;
}

.section-title {
  margin-top: 48px 0 0 0;
  color: var(--brand-800);
}

.section-title > span {
  font-size: small; color: var(--accent-800);
}

.tnfc-banner {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 40vh;
  background-image: url(/assets/images/TNFC.webp);
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  padding-top: 200px;
  padding-bottom: 64px;
}

.ece-banner {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 40vh;
  background-image: url(/assets/images/uoft.png);
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  padding-top: 200px;
  padding-bottom: 64px;
}

.ktchitx-intro {
  font-size: var(--text-body-lg);
  margin-top: 24px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.karthik-cs-outcome-section {
  background-color: var(--bg-brand);
  color: var(--white-50);
  padding: 80px 24px;
}

.karthik-cs-outcome-section > div {
max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}


.editorial-grid {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr) !important;
}
.editorial-card:hover .editorial-image {
  transform: scale(1.05);
}
.editorial-card:hover .editorial-title {
  text-decoration: underline;
}


.karthik-ap-grain-overlay {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg viewBox='0 0 200 200' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cfilter id='noiseFilter'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.65' numOctaves='3' stitchTiles='stitch'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23noiseFilter)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  opacity: 0.03;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.karthik-ap-cursor-follower {
  pointer-events: none;
  position: fixed;
  width: 400px;
  height: 400px;
  background: none;
  border-radius: 50%;
  z-index: 0;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  transition: transform 0.1s ease-out;
  filter: blur(40px);
}


.karthik-ap-item {
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: border-color 0.4s ease;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--karthik-border-brand);
  padding: 40px 20px;
}

.karthik-ap-item-content {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: transform 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
  gap: 24px;
}

.karthik-ap-item-left {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 24px;
}

.karthik-ap-item-left h5 {
  max-width: 640px;
  color: var(--karthik-neutral-900);
  margin: 0;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.karthik-ap-item-right {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
}

.karthik-ap-date-reveal {
  overflow: hidden;
  width: 0;
  white-space: nowrap;
  transition:
    width 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1),
    opacity 0.5s ease;
  opacity: 0;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--karthik-green-600);
}

.karthik-ap-item:hover .karthik-ap-date-reveal {
  width: fit-content;
  opacity: 1;
}

.karthik-ap-item .karthik-ap-arrow {
  transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
  color: var(--karthik-green-600);
}

.ktchitx-para {
    font-size: var(--text-body-lg);

  margin-top: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.karthik-two-column-home-intro-list-colm {
  border-left: 1px dashed var(--border-subtle);
}

.karthik-two-column-home-intro > .karthik-text-section__inner {
  max-width: 1200px;
  width: 100%;
  padding: 90px 0 64px;
}

.karthik-two-column-home-intro-text-colm {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.karthik-two-column-home-intro-list-colm {
  padding-left: 40px;
  padding-bottom: 24px;
}

.karthik-two-column-home-intro-list-colm-about {
  padding-left: 40px;
  padding-bottom: 24px;
  border-left: 1px dashed var(--border-subtle);
  display: flex; padding: 12px 0; border: none; gap: 12px; align-items: left; flex-direction: row; 
  flex-wrap: wrap; 
}

.karthik-two-column-home-intro-list-colm-about > *{
  max-width: 48%;
}

.karthik-two-column-home-intro-list-items {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0px;
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.karthik-two-column-home-intro-list-items > .karthik-tnfc-title {
  font-size: var(--text-body-lg);
  color: var(--brand-800);
  margin-bottom: 0;
  margin-top: 4px;
}

.karthik-text-section__inner {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 40px 40px 64px;
}

.karthik-two-column-home {
  width: 100%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  gap: 20px;
  max-width: 1440px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 20px 48px;
}

.karthik-two-column-home > div:first-of-type {
  max-width: 55%;
}

.header-menu {
  background: var(--bg-brand);
  background-image:
      repeating-linear-gradient(
        0deg,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04) 0,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04) 1px,
        transparent 1px,
        transparent 10px
      ),
      repeating-linear-gradient(
        90deg,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04) 0,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04) 1px,
        transparent 1px,
        transparent 10px
      );
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  width: 100%;
}

.inner-menu {
  max-width: 1440px;
  display: flex;
  margin: 0 auto;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 20px 40px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.header__logo-link {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
  text-decoration: none;
  opacity: 1;
  transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
}

.header__logo-link:hover {
  opacity: 0.75;
}
.header__logo {
  height: 36px;
  width: auto;
  display: block;
}


.gradient-dark {
  background: linear-gradient(
    170deg,
    var(--brand-800),
    var(--brand-600)
  );
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  background-clip: text;
  color: transparent;
}

.karthik-btn--active {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  font-family: "League Spartan", sans-serif;
  font-size: var(--text-p);
  font-weight: bold;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 12px 24px;
  max-width: fit-content;
  cursor: default;
  line-height: 1.6;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  color: var(--brand-100); text-decoration-color: var(--brand-100);
  text-underline-offset: 6px;
}

.karthik-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  font-family: "League Spartan", sans-serif;
  font-size: var(--text-p);
  font-weight: bold;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 12px 24px;
  max-width: fit-content;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition:
    background 0.18s ease,
    color 0.18s ease,
    border-color 0.18s ease,
    opacity 0.18s ease;
  line-height: 1.6;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
}

.primary-btn {
    background: var(--brand-600);
    color: var(--accent-600);
    border-color: var(--border-default);
}

.primary-btn:hover {
  background: var(--black-50);
  color: var(--brand-800);
  border-color: var(--brand-800);
}

.outline-btn {
    background: none;
    color: var(--brand-800);
    border-color: var(--border-brand);
}

.outline-btn:hover {
    color: var(--brand-600);
  border-color: var(--border-subtle);
}

.header__actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
}

.status-dot {
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  background-color: var(--brand-600);
  border-radius: 50%;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  animation: karthik-pulse 1.5s infinite ease-in-out;
}

@keyframes karthik-pulse {
  0% {
    transform: scale(0.9);
    opacity: 1;
  }
  50% {
    transform: scale(1.2);
    opacity: 0.5;
  }
  100% {
    transform: scale(0.9);
    opacity: 1;
  }
}

.karthik-cs-process-card {
  background-color: var(--bg-page);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  padding: 28px;
  width: 100%;
}

.karthik-cs-process-card-number {
  font-family: "League Spartan", sans-serif;
  font-size: var(--text-body-sm);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--brand-800);
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.karthik-cs-process-card-title {
  color: var(--black-800);
  margin: 0 0 12px 0;
}

.karthik-cs-process-card-body {
  color: var(--black-800);
  margin: 0;
}

.karthik-cs-process-card > p {
  color: var(--black-800);
  margin: 0;
}

.quote-svg {
  position: absolute;
  top: -20px;
  left: 10%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  opacity: 0.1;
}

.quote-svg-2 {
  position: absolute;
  top: -40px;
  left: 5%;
  transform: translateX(-20%);
  opacity: 0.1;
}

.btn--ghost {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--black-100);
  border-color: transparent;
}
.btn--ghost:hover {
  color: var(--accent-600);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
}

.btn--ghost-brand {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--black-100);
  border-color: transparent;
}
.btn--ghost-brand:hover {
  color: var(--brand-600);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
}

.karthik-footer {
  padding: 2rem 3rem;
  background-color: var(--brand-800);
}

.karthik-footer-inner {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  padding: 0 40px;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  align-items: center;
}

.karthik-footer-inner > p {
  color: var(--black-50);
}

.karthik-cs-problem-image {
  width: 100%;
  height: 560px;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  display: block;
}

.karthik-text-section__body {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  gap: 20px;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.karthik-text-section__body > div:first-of-type {
  max-width: 48rem;
  justify-content: flex-start;
}

.karthik-text-section__body > div:first-of-type > * {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .karthik-two-column-home-intro-wrapper {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  }

  .karthik-two-column-home-intro-list-colm {
    border-left: none;
    padding-left: 0;
  }

  .karthik-footer {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
    align-items: center;
  }
  .karthik-footer > * {
    flex: none;
    width: auto;
  }
  .karthik-text-section__body > div:first-of-type {
    max-width: max-content;
    margin-top: 0;
  }
  .karthik-text-section__body > .image-block {
    display: none;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .editorial-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
  }
}